Most states require a contractor license once a job crosses a dollar trigger. See the trigger and source for 21 states, the states with no statewide general contractor license, the minor work exemptions and the penalties.
In most states, yes: you need a state contractor license once a job crosses a dollar trigger set by statute, and in several states that trigger is $1,000 or less. A handful of states issue no statewide general contractor license at all, but even there, electrical, plumbing and HVAC work, roofing, and home improvement usually need a state license or registration.
The rules turn on three things: the state, the type of work, and the total value of the job including labor and materials. This page shows the trigger for 21 states with the statute or board behind each one. For the full requirements in every state, start with our guide to how to get a contractor license in each state.
At a glance California requires a license at $1,000 or more, or on any job that needs a permit or uses employees (CSLB). Florida's small job exemption covers only casual, minor work under $2,500 (Fla. Stat. 489.103(9)). Alabama raised its general contractor trigger to $100,000 on October 1, 2024 (Alabama Licensing Board for General Contractors). Texas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Hampshire, Vermont and Pennsylvania issue no state general contractor license, but six of them license trades or register contractors, and Missouri offers an optional statewide electrical contractor license. Splitting one project into small contracts to stay under a trigger does not work in California, Nevada or Michigan.
Do Contractors Have to Be Licensed? The Three Kinds of State Rules
Most states fall into one of three patterns. Knowing which one applies to you answers most of the question before you read a single statute.
Low or no trigger. California, Florida, Nevada, Arizona and Oregon require a license for nearly all paid construction work. Their minor work exemptions cover only small, casual jobs, most of them end once the job needs a building permit, and the dollar ceilings run from $1,000 to $2,500.
A dollar trigger with license tiers. North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia and Michigan license contractors once a project reaches a set value. Some split residential and commercial work into separate licenses with different triggers.
No statewide general contractor license. Texas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Hampshire, Vermont and Pennsylvania leave general contracting to cities and counties, or to a registration rather than a license. Trade work is still regulated at the state level in most of them.
Contractor License Thresholds by State
The table gives the dollar trigger or the state rule for 21 states, with the source for each row. Click a state for our full guide to that state's license.
Pick your state above to see its details, or show all 21 states.
| State | State GC license? | What triggers it | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Yes | General contracting of $100,000 or more (swimming pools over $5,000); residential home building when cost exceeds $10,000 | Ala. Code 34-8-1; HBLB FAQ |
| Arizona | Yes | $1,000 or more, or any job that needs a local building permit | A.R.S. 32-1121(A)(14) |
| California | Yes | $1,000 or more, or any job that needs a permit or uses employee labor | CSLB |
| Colorado | No | Local licensing; state registers electrical and plumbing contractors | DORA DPO |
| Florida | Yes | All work except casual, minor work under $2,500 | Fla. Stat. 489.103(9) |
| Georgia | Yes | Residential work over $2,500; commercial general contracting | O.C.G.A. 43-41-2 |
| Kansas | No | Local licensing; roofers register with the Attorney General | Kansas AG |
| Louisiana | Yes | Commercial $50,000 or more; electrical, mechanical, plumbing $10,000 or more; new homes need a Residential license; home improvement registration over $7,500 up to $50,000 | LSLBC FAQ |
| Michigan | Yes (residential) | Residential builder or maintenance and alteration work of $600 or more | MCL 339.2403 |
| Mississippi | Yes | Commercial $50,000 or more; new homes when cost exceeds $50,000; remodeling when cost exceeds $10,000 | Miss. Code 31-3-1, 73-59-1 |
| Missouri | No | Local licensing; optional statewide electrical contractor license | Missouri DPR |
| Nevada | Yes | All work except repairs under $1,000 with no permit and no trade work | NRS 624.031(6) |
| New Hampshire | No | Electricians and plumbers hold state licenses | NH OPLC |
| North Carolina | Yes | $40,000 or more | NCLBGC |
| Oregon | Yes | All paid work except casual, minor jobs under $1,000 | ORS 701.010(4) |
| Pennsylvania | No | Home improvement contractors doing $5,000 or more a year register | PA Attorney General |
| South Carolina | Yes | Commercial general or mechanical over $10,000; residential builder over $5,000; residential specialty over $500 | S.C. Code 40-11-30, 40-59-20 |
| Tennessee | Yes | $25,000 or more (masonry $100,000 or more) | TN Board for Licensing Contractors |
| Texas | No | Electricians, plumbers and air conditioning contractors hold state licenses | TDLR; TSBPE |
| Vermont | No | Residential contractors register for jobs over $10,000; electrical and plumbing licensed | 26 V.S.A. 5501; Vermont Fire Safety |
| Virginia | Yes | Class C over $1,000; Class B $30,000; Class A $150,000 per contract | Va. Code 54.1-1100 |
A few rows need a closer look.
Alabama changed in 2024. HB418 raised the general contractor trigger from $50,000 to $100,000, effective October 1, 2024. Residential home building is a separate license from the Home Builders Licensure Board.
Virginia uses annual totals too. Class C covers a single contract over $1,000 and under $30,000, or less than $250,000 in 12 months. Class B applies from $30,000 per contract or $250,000 in 12 months, and Class A from $150,000 per contract or $1,000,000 in 12 months.
North Carolina raised its trigger in 2023. G.S. 87-1 was amended effective October 1, 2023, moving the general contractor trigger from $30,000 to $40,000.
Georgia's $2,500 figure is residential. O.C.G.A. 43-41-2(9) defines a residential contractor as one whose job value exceeds $2,500. Electrical, plumbing and conditioned air work is licensed separately under Chapter 14 of Title 43.
What States Do Not Require a General Contractor License?
Of the 21 states above, seven issue no statewide general contractor license: Texas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Hampshire, Vermont and Pennsylvania. That does not mean anyone can build anything. Here is what each one still requires.
- Texas. TDLR states that anyone who performs electrical work in Texas must be licensed. Air conditioning, refrigeration and heating contractors need a TDLR license, and each permanent business location must employ a licensed ACR contractor. The Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners licenses plumbers, including the Responsible Master Plumber.
- Colorado. The State Electrical Board and State Plumbing Board regulate those trades, and the state issues electrical and plumbing permits to registered contractors in areas without their own inspection program. Cities and counties handle general contractor licensing.
- Kansas. Since July 1, 2013, every roofing contractor must register with the Kansas Attorney General. General contracting is licensed locally.
- Missouri. The statewide electrical contractor license is optional, and local permits still apply. Kansas City, for example, issues a Certificate of Qualification to the qualified individual and then a contractor license to the business.
- New Hampshire. A state electrician license is required to work with 30 volts or higher, and the state licenses journeyman and master plumbers.
- Vermont. A contractor must register with the Office of Professional Regulation before contracting with a homeowner for residential construction over $10,000. The Division of Fire Safety licenses electrical and plumbing work.
- Pennsylvania. Contractors who perform at least $5,000 of home improvements a year register with the Attorney General, at $100 every two years.
In every one of these states, check the city or county before you bid. See our guide on pulling a permit without a contractor license for how local permit offices treat unlicensed applicants.
When Trade Licenses Apply No Matter the Dollar Amount
The dollar triggers above are for general and building contractors. Trade work follows its own rules, and those rules often ignore job size.
Electrical. Texas licenses anyone who performs electrical work, so the dollar trigger there is effectively $0, and New Hampshire requires a license from 30 volts up. Nevada's under $1,000 exemption does not reach electrical work at all, and Georgia sends electrical work to Chapter 14 licensees even when a general contractor holds the job.
Plumbing. Texas, New Hampshire, Colorado and Vermont all license plumbers at the state level even though none of them licenses general contractors. New Hampshire requires 8,000 hours of on the job training and 600 educational hours for a journeyman plumber.
HVAC and refrigerants. Beyond state rules, federal law applies everywhere. Under 40 CFR 82.161(a), anyone who could be reasonably expected to violate the integrity of the refrigerant circuit during the maintenance, service, repair or disposal of appliances must pass an EPA Section 608 exam, with Type I, Type II, Type III and Universal certifications.
Roofing. Kansas requires roofer registration with no general contractor license, and Alabama requires a $10,000 bond for its roofer license.
For the full trade requirements, see our guides on electrical contractor licenses, plumbing contractor licenses, HVAC contractor licenses, general contractor licenses and specialty contractor licenses.
Common Exemptions: Handyman, Owner Builder and Minor Work
Every licensing state carves out some work. The exemptions are narrow, and most of them disappear the moment the job needs a permit or you advertise as a contractor.
| State | Minor work exemption | Main conditions |
|---|---|---|
| California | Under $1,000 total | No building permit and no employee labor |
| Florida | Under $2,500 total | Casual, minor or inconsequential; not part of a larger job; no advertising as a contractor |
| Nevada | Under $1,000 total | No permit; no plumbing, electrical, refrigeration, heating or air conditioning; not part of a $500 or larger project |
| Arizona | Under $1,000 total | No local building permit; ads must say "not a licensed contractor" |
| Oregon | Under $1,000 total | Casual, minor or inconsequential; no contractor advertising or signs |
| Michigan | Under $600 total | One project; no splitting into smaller contracts |
California raised its exemption from $500 to $1,000 on January 1, 2025, under AB 2622, and the board states that a larger project may not be broken into contracts under $1,000. For the difference between the two roles, see contractor vs handyman.
Owner builders. Many states let owners build or improve their own property without a license, with a resale test. In California, Florida and Nevada, selling the structure within one year after completion creates a presumption that it was built for sale. In South Carolina, a sale within two years after completion is prima facie evidence that the home was built for sale (S.C. Code 40-59-260). California's exemption for owners who hire licensed subcontractors also allows no more than four single family structures offered for sale in a calendar year (B&P 7044).
Trade work by owners. Owner exemptions often stop short of electrical, plumbing and HVAC work, or require the owner to pull the permit personally. Check the local permit office before you start.
What Happens If You Work Without a License?
Penalties are set state by state, and several states hit the paycheck harder than the fine.
- California. A first conviction carries a fine up to $5,000, up to six months in county jail, or both (B&P 7028). A CSLB citation carries a civil penalty of $1,500 to $15,000 per violation under SB 779, operative July 1, 2026. An unlicensed contractor cannot sue to collect, and the customer can sue to recover everything already paid (B&P 7031).
- Florida. Unlicensed contracting is a first degree misdemeanor. A repeat offense, or any offense during a declared state of emergency, is a third degree felony (Fla. Stat. 489.127).
- South Carolina. Contracting without the required license is a misdemeanor punishable by up to one year in prison or a fine up to $5,000 (S.C. Code 40-11-200).
- South Carolina residential work. An unlicensed residential builder or specialty contractor faces a fine of $500 to $10,000, and a person who was required to be licensed or registered with the Residential Builders Commission may not file a mechanics' lien or sue to enforce the contract (S.C. Code 40-59-30).
- Nevada. The board may impose an administrative fine of $1,000 to $50,000 for each violation for contracting without a license (NRS 624.710).
- Georgia. A contract between an owner and an unlicensed contractor for work that requires a residential or commercial general contractor license is unenforceable in law or in equity by the unlicensed contractor (O.C.G.A. 43-41-17(b)).
Across these states, fines alone run from a $500 minimum in South Carolina residential cases to $50,000 per violation in Nevada. Beyond the fines, the larger risk is often the money already earned: in California, Georgia and South Carolina residential work, the unlicensed contractor cannot enforce the contract, and South Carolina also takes away the mechanics' lien. For the state by state detail, see our guide to penalties for unlicensed contracting.
How to Find Out If You Need a License
Use these steps before you sign a contract in a new state.
- Name the work. Write down whether the job is residential or commercial, new construction or remodeling, and whether it includes electrical, plumbing, HVAC or roofing.
- Add up the whole project. Count labor, materials and every contract on the same project. Boards in California, Nevada and Michigan treat split contracts as one job.
- Check the permit. If the job needs a building permit, the minor work exemptions in California, Nevada and Arizona fall away, and Florida's board says permitted work typically does not qualify.
- Find the state trigger. Use the table above, then confirm on the board's own site listed in the Sources section.
- Check trade licenses separately. A general license rarely covers electrical, plumbing or HVAC work.
- Call the city or county. In the no state license states, the local building department sets the rules.
- Decide who qualifies the company. If the job needs a license, confirm whether you, a partner or a W-2 employee will be the qualifying individual.
How to Get a Contractor License
The path is similar in most licensing states, even though the details differ.
- Document your experience. Most boards ask for years of verified work. California, for example, requires at least four years of journey level experience in the class you apply for, verified by someone who saw the work.
- Pass the exams. Many states give a business and law exam plus a trade exam. Tennessee requires its Business and Law exam, and Prov began giving Tennessee's contractor exams on July 1, 2026.
- Show financial responsibility. Expect insurance, a bond, or a financial statement. Tennessee sets a license's monetary limit from working capital and net worth.
- File the application and pay the board's fees. In California, the original application is $450, and the initial license is $200 for a sole owner or $350 for other entities. Fees vary widely by state: Pennsylvania's home improvement registration is $100 every two years, while a California active renewal is $450 for a sole owner or $700 for other entities.
- Clear the background check where the state requires one, then keep the license current at each renewal.
Short on experience? Our guide on getting a contractor license without experience explains the qualifier route.
The Company Needs a Qualifier, Not Just a License
In most licensing states, the license belongs to the business, but the business qualifies through a named person who meets the experience and exam requirements.
California lets a corporation qualify through a responsible managing officer or responsible managing employee (B&P 7068). Florida requires a business organization to apply through a qualifying agent with final approval authority for all construction work (Fla. Stat. 489.119). Georgia defines a qualifying agent as the person who supervises, directs, manages and controls the company's contracting, affiliated by employment or ownership (O.C.G.A. 43-41-2(7)). Texas requires each permanent location of an air conditioning company to employ a licensed ACR contractor.
That structure is why a company owner without the years of experience can still hold a license: a licensed, full time W-2 employee who actually supervises the work can qualify the company. Our founders, Marshall Schofield and Jeremiah Jaskulski, built The Licensing Company around that lawful model, and we place qualifiers by state, trade and license class. Read what a qualifying agent is, or go straight to hire a qualifying agent to start.
Frequently Asked Questions
What states do not require a general contractor license?
Among the states on this page, Texas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Hampshire, Vermont and Pennsylvania issue no statewide general contractor license. Each still regulates something: Texas and New Hampshire license electricians and plumbers, Kansas registers roofers, Vermont registers residential contractors over $10,000, and Pennsylvania registers home improvement contractors. Cities and counties in these states often license contractors on their own.
Do I need a contractor license for small jobs?
It depends on the state's minor work exemption. California exempts jobs under $1,000 with no permit and no employees, Florida exempts casual, minor work under $2,500, and Michigan exempts projects under $600. If the job needs a permit, most of these exemptions no longer apply.
Do you need a license to do remodeling?
Often, yes. Mississippi requires a remodeler license when improvements exceed $10,000, Louisiana requires home improvement registration for jobs over $7,500 up to $50,000, and Tennessee licenses projects of $25,000 or more. Pennsylvania and Vermont use registration instead of a license.
Does Florida require a contractor license?
Yes. Florida requires a license to construct, repair, alter, remodel, demolish or improve a building for compensation. The only small job exemption covers casual, minor or inconsequential work under $2,500 that is not part of a larger operation, and work that needs a permit typically does not qualify.
Can a homeowner do their own work without a license?
Usually, on their own property and for their own use. California, Florida and Nevada presume the work was done for sale if the owner sells within one year, and South Carolina treats a sale within two years as evidence that the home was built for sale. Trade work may still need a licensed contractor or an owner permit.
Do I need a separate license for electrical, plumbing or HVAC?
In most states, yes. Trade work is licensed separately from general contracting, and it is often licensed even in states with no general contractor license, such as Texas and New Hampshire. HVAC technicians who handle refrigerants also need EPA Section 608 certification everywhere.
Who licenses contractors in South Carolina?
South Carolina splits the work between two boards. The Contractor's Licensing Board covers commercial general and mechanical contracting over $10,000, and the Residential Builders Commission covers residential builders over $5,000 and residential specialty contractors over $500. See our South Carolina contractor license guide for both.
Talk to a Licensing Team
If you are not sure whether your next job needs a license, or your company needs a qualifier to get one, call The Licensing Company at 615-219-2110. We will walk through your state, your trade and the license class the work requires. You can also start online at hire a qualifying agent.
Sources
- CSLB, Before Applying for a License, retrieved 2026-09-26
- CSLB press release 24-21, Handyperson Exemption to Increase to $1,000 in 2025, retrieved 2026-09-26
- CSLB, Qualifying Experience for the Examination, retrieved 2026-09-26
- CSLB, List of All CSLB Fees, retrieved 2026-09-26
- California Business and Professions Code 7028, retrieved 2026-09-26
- California Business and Professions Code 7028.7, retrieved 2026-09-26
- California Business and Professions Code 7031, retrieved 2026-09-26
- California Business and Professions Code 7044, retrieved 2026-09-26
- California Business and Professions Code 7068, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Florida DBPR Construction Industry FAQs, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Florida Statute 489.103, Exemptions, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Florida Statute 489.119, Business organizations; qualifying agents, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Florida Statute 489.127, Prohibitions; penalties, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Nevada Revised Statutes Chapter 624, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Arizona Revised Statutes 32-1121, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Louisiana State Licensing Board for Contractors FAQ, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Georgia Code 43-41-2, Definitions (Justia), retrieved 2026-09-26
- Georgia Code 43-41-17, Unenforceable contracts (Justia), retrieved 2026-09-26
- Greene County, Georgia, General Construction License Requirements, retrieved 2026-09-26
- North Carolina Licensing Board for General Contractors, retrieved 2026-09-26
- NCLBGC Board Buzz, Fall 2023, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors, Contractor, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Code of Virginia 54.1-1100, retrieved 2026-09-26
- South Carolina Code Title 40 Chapter 11, retrieved 2026-09-26
- South Carolina Code Title 40 Chapter 59, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Michigan Compiled Laws 339.2403, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Alabama Licensing Board for General Contractors, Law, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Alabama HB418 (2024), enrolled, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Alabama Home Builders Licensure Board FAQ, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Mississippi Code 31-3-1 (Justia), retrieved 2026-09-26
- Mississippi Code 73-59-1 (Justia), retrieved 2026-09-26
- Oregon Revised Statutes Chapter 701, retrieved 2026-09-26
- TDLR Electrical Safety and Licensing FAQ, retrieved 2026-09-26
- TDLR Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractors, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Colorado DORA, Electrical and Plumbing Permits, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Kansas Attorney General, Roofing Registration, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Missouri Office of Statewide Electrical Contractors FAQ, retrieved 2026-09-26
- City of Kansas City, Missouri, Contractor Licensing, retrieved 2026-09-26
- New Hampshire OPLC, Electricians' Board, retrieved 2026-09-26
- New Hampshire OPLC, Journeyman or Master Plumber Checklist, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Vermont Statutes 26 V.S.A. 5501, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Vermont Division of Fire Safety, Licensing, retrieved 2026-09-26
- Pennsylvania Attorney General, Home Improvement Contractor Registration, retrieved 2026-09-26
- EPA Section 608 Technician Certification, retrieved 2026-09-26
- 40 CFR 82.161 (Cornell LII), retrieved 2026-09-26
Disclaimer: This article is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, licensing guidance, or an offer of services. Licensing requirements vary by jurisdiction. For specific compliance questions, contact The Licensing Company for a confidential consultation.